Richard Fitzroy

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• AFN: 916J-WT

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• AFN: 8XJ4-1K

Notes:

John "Lackland" King Of England was known as one of England's worst kings. His barons forced him to grant the famous charter of liberties, Magna Carta, in 1215. He was often cruel, but he showed both administrative and military ability.

John succeeded his brother Richard the Lion-Hearted as king of England and duke of Normandy in 1199. His rule began badly. By inept politics and the murder of his nephew Arthur, he lost the allegiance of many of his French barons. King Philip Augustus of France then declared war. In 1205 John was beaten, and lost all the English holdings in France except Aquitaine.

John persued a policy in England that brought him into conflict with Pope Innocent III. In 1208 the pope placed England under an interdict, which banned church services. The following year John was excommunicated.

The king then showed his capacity for strong rule. He forced Scotland into a subordinate position, kept the Welsh princes in check, and held a firm grip on Ireland. But his foreign favorites, professional troops, and autocratic financial policy stirred up discontent among the English barons. When John failed to reconquer the lost French territories in 1214, most of the barons and many of the clergy revolted. On June 15, 1215, the king was forced to approve the Magna Carta at Runnymede meadow beside the River Thames.

A few months later, John fought the barons. They were aided by Prince Louis of France, heir to Philip Augustus, and appeared certain to win. But John penned his enemies in London and the adjacent counties. He died suddenly in 1216, but his throne was saved for his son, Henry III.

Buried in Worcester Cathedral Concubine at Kings Manor House, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England Divorced Isabel Fitzrobert 29 August 1189.
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Reference:
"The World Book Encyclopedia", 1968, p J110.
"Royalty for Commoners", Roderick W. Stuart, 1993, p 38.

John — Miss De Warrene, [Concubine 5]. Miss was born Abt 1165, Of, England. [Group Sheet]

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• AFN: 9FTV-HX

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• AFN: 8WKP-WF

Notes:

Henry II "Curt Mantel," Duke of Normandy, Count of Maine and Anjou, King Of
England became king in 1154. At the height of his power, Henry ruled England
and almost all western France. His marriage to Eleanor of Aquitaine, the most
famous woman of the age, brought the duchy of Aquitaine under his control.
Henry also claimed to rule Scotland, Wales, and eastern Ireland.

Henry II carried on his grandfather's policy of limiting the power of the
nobles. He also tried to make the Roman Catholic Church in England submit to
his authority. This policy brought him into conflict with Thomas a Becket,
Archbishop of Canterbury. Four of the king's knights murdered Becket while he
was at vespers in his cathedral.

Henry made Anglo-Saxon common law, rather than the revised Roman law, the
supreme law of the land. He introduced trial by jury and circuit courts. In
his later years, Henry's sons often rebelled against him. Two of them, Richard
the Lion-Hearted and John, became the next two kings of England.
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Reference:
"The World Book Encyclopedia", 1968, p H178.
"Royalty for Commoners", Roderick W. Stuart, 1993, p 37-38.

Henry married Eleanore Princess Of Aquitaine, [queen Of Englan 4 May 1152, , Bordeaux, Gironde, France. Eleanore (daughter of Guillaume X Duke Aquitaine and Eleanor De Chatellerault) was born 1120/1121, Chateau de Belin, Gironde, France; died 24 Mar 1204, Mirabell Castle, Tarn-et-Garonne, France; was buried FontevraultAbbey, Fontevrault, Maine-Et-Loire, France. [Group Sheet]

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• AFN: 8XJ3-Q2

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Marriage annulled with Louis VII on the grounds of consanguinity 11 March 1152
Buried in Fontevrault Abbey, Fontevrault, Maine-et-Loire, France.
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Reference:
"Burke's Guide to the Royal Family", 1973, p 194.
"Royalty for Commoners", Roderick W. Stuart, 1993, p 38.

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• AFN: 8WKK-1D

Notes:

Goeffrey V Plantagent, Duke of Normandy, Count of Anjou usually wore on his
helmet a sprig of the broom and the French words for this (plante and genet)
became the English name Plantagenet.

Stuart has marriage with Matilda as 7 June 1128.
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Reference:
"The Illustrated Home Library Encyclopedia", 1957, 3929.
"Royalty for Commoners", Roderick W. Stuart, 1993, p 37.

Geoffrey married Matilda (Maud) Princess England, Empress 15 May 1127, , Le Mans, Sarthe, France. Matilda (daughter of Henry I "Beauclerc" England, [King] and Matilda "Atheling" Princess Scotland) was born Bef 29 Jul 1102, , London, Middlesex, England; died 3 Sep 1169, Notre Dame, Rouen, Seine-Maritime, France; was buried Bec Abbey, Le Bec-Hellouin, Eure, France. [Group Sheet]

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• AFN: 9FM0-NL

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Matilda (Maud) Princess Of England, Empress of Germany.
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Reference:
"Royalty for Commoners", Roderick W. Stuart, 1993, p 37.

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• AFN: 8XPZ-GR

Notes:

Guillaume X Duke Of Aquitaine, Count of Poitou.

Guillaume married Eleanor De Chatellerault 1120, Of, France. Eleanor (daughter of Aimeri I Viscount Chatellerault and Dangereuse D' Isle Bouchard) was born Abt 1102, , Chatellerault, Vienne, France; died Aft Feb 1130. [Group Sheet]

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• AFN: 8XPZ-HX