John 'Lackland' King England

b 24 Dec 1166, Kings Manorhouse, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England
d 19 Oct 1216, , Newark, Nottinghamshire, England
bur Worcester, Worcester, Worcestershire, England			Foulques IV, Count Anjou	>
61 28 May 1937, !&		Foulques V 'le_jeune' Anjou, [King]	Bertrade De Montfort, [Queen of France	>
	Geoffrey V (The_Handsome) Plantagenet, Count of Anjou	b 1092	Elias (Helie), Count Maine	>
	\| b 24 Aug 1113	Ermengarde (Ermentrude) Du Maine, [Countess]	Matilde De Chateau_Du_Loire, [Countess]	>
Henry II King England, 'Plantagenet'	d 07 Sep 1151	b 1096	William I 'The_Conqueror' England, [Duke]	>
\|b 05 Mar 1133	\|	Henry I 'Beauclerc' England, [King]	Matilda Countess Of Flanders, [Queen]	>
\|d 06 Jul 1189	Matilda (Maud) Princess England, Empress	b 1070	Malcolm III, King Scotland	>
\|	b 05 Aug 1102	Matilda 'Atheling' Princess Scotland	Margaret 'Atheling', Princess England, [Queen]	>
John 'Lackland' King England	d 10 Sep 1169	b ABT 1079 1080	Guillaume VI Aquitaine, Duke	>
\|-2 +		Guillaume VII (IX), Aquitaine	Hildegarde France, [Princess of]	>
\|m 29 Aug 1189	Guillaume X Duke Aquitaine	b 22 Oct 1071	Guillaume IV Count Toulouse	>
\|Marlborough, Salisbury, Wiltshire, England	\|b 1099	Philippa (Mathilde) (Maude) Toulouse, [Countess]	Emma De De_Mortaigne	>
Eleanore Princess Of Aquitaine, [queen Of Englan	d 19 Apr 1137	b 1073	Boson II Viscount Chatellerault	>
b 1121	\|	Aimeri I Viscount Chatellerault	Aleanor De Thouars	>
d 31 Mar 1204	Eleanor De Chatellerault	b 1075	Barthelemy De L' Isle_Bouchard	>
	b 1103	Dangereuse D' Isle_Bouchard	Gerberge
	d Mar1130	b 1079

Children

Henry Fitzroy

Notes

John 'Lackland' King Of England was known as one of England's worst kings. His barons forced him to grant the famous charter of liberties, Magna Carta, in 1215. He was often cruel, but he showed both administrative and military ability.

John succeeded his brother Richard the Lion-Hearted as king of England and duke of Normandy in 1199. His rule began badly. By inept politics and the murder of his nephew Arthur, he lost the allegiance of many of his French barons. King Philip Augustus of France then declared war. In 1205 John was beaten, and lost all the English holdings in France except Aquitaine.

John persued a policy in England that brought him into conflict with Pope Innocent III. In 1208 the pope placed England under an interdict, which banned church services. The following year John was excommunicated.

The king then showed his capacity for strong rule. He forced Scotland into a subordinate position, kept the Welsh princes in check, and held a firm grip on Ireland. But his foreign favorites, professional troops, and autocratic financial policy stirred up discontent among the English barons. When John failed to reconquer the lost French territories in 1214, most of the barons and many of the clergy revolted. On June 15, 1215, the king was forced to approve the Magna Carta at Runnymede meadow beside the River Thames.

A few months later, John fought the barons. They were aided by Prince Louis of France, heir to Philip Augustus, and appeared certain to win. But John penned his enemies in London and the adjacent counties. He died suddenly in 1216, but his throne was saved for his son, Henry III.

Buried in Worcester Cathedral Concubine at Kings Manor House, Oxford, Oxfordshire, England Divorced Isabel Fitzrobert 29 August 1189.

Source: 'The World Book Encyclopedia', 1968, p J110. 'Royalty for Commoners', Roderick W. Stuart, 1993, p 38.

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